Individually, each has been classified as an epidemic throughout the world, and both share some common risk factors including poor diet and inactivity.
One growing, active area of research is the association between vitamin D deficiency and childhood obesity. 4 Moreover, childhood obesity can predict adult illness 5 and compromise longevity.
3 For a child, there are physical health and psychosocial and functional consequences across a lifetime as studies show that childhood obesity is accompanied by an increase in associated chronic conditions such as insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The implications of this crisis are numerous and far reaching, involving both the individual and society. 2 If this trend continues, the global prevalence of childhood obesity is predicted to reach 60 million by 2020. 1 Roughly 43 million children are estimated to be overweight or obese throughout the world, and another 92 million are at risk of overweight. A systematic analysis of 1,769 reports representing 188 countries reveals that the worldwide prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity rose by nearly 50% over a span of three decades. Keywords: cholecalciferol, childhood overweight, hypovitaminosis DĬhildhood obesity is a major global health crisis. More research is needed to define optimal vitamin D status in this vulnerable population, including investigations to determine the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in attenuating the conditions associated with childhood obesity, and to further elucidate the mechanisms by which vitamin D exerts its effects on health. Weight loss interventions using energy restriction and physical activity may also improve the poor vitamin D status associated with obesity. Therefore, in obese children, vitamin D supplementation is warranted.
Likewise, obtaining adequate vitamin D from natural food sources alone is generally not achievable, and even in countries that allow fortification, vitamin D intakes are low.
#WORLD OF GOO NDS SKIN#
Although ultraviolet B-induced skin synthesis is a main source of vitamin D, its use is neither feasible nor prudent due to limited sun availability for many and concerns for skin cancer. Most of the findings to date suggest that the vitamin D needs of obese children are greater than the nonobese. The rather ubiquitous distribution of the vitamin D receptor and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1a-hydroxylase throughout the body, including evidence for a role of vitamin D in adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism, may in part explain these widespread effects. The effects of this deficiency in childhood obesity appear to have negative influences on overall health, including insulin resistance, inflammation, and impeded bone mineralization, as well as increased future risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis. It is not clear whether vitamin D deficiency contributes to, or is a consequence of obesity, or whether there are regulatory interactions between excess adiposity and vitamin D activity. Observational and clinical studies show that vitamin D status and fat mass are inversely correlated. Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USAĪbstract: Vitamin D deficiency and childhood obesity have been classified as epidemics throughout the world, and both share some common risk factors including poor diet and inactivity.
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